To create a new user (replace $username):

; echo 'newuser $username' >> /srv/cwfs.cmd

To put $username in group sys:

; echo 'newuser sys +$username' >> /srv/cwfs.cmd

To put $username in group adm:

; echo 'newuser adm +$username' >> /srv/cwfs.cmd

If you want to support email, make sure to add the users to upas group:

; echo 'newuser upas +$username' >> /srv/cwfs.cmd

Or for interactive usage:

; con -Cl /srv/cwfs.cmd newuser $username

To put $username in groups sys and adm:

newuser sys +$username

newuser adm +$username

newuser upas +$username

Type ctrl+\ to escape, then quit.

Verify the new user was created:

; grep $username /adm/users

After creating the user, you will want to set the new user's password:

; auth/keyfs ; auth/changeuser $username

To change the default user on bootup:

; 9fs 9fat ; echo 'user='^$username^' ' >> /n/9fat/plan9.ini

After logging in to the new user:

; /sys/lib/newuser

To allow the user to send email, make sure to create the corresponding mailbox:

; auth/login $username ; upas/nedmail -c

Last modified Thu Feb 19 17:01:14 PST 2026

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